Also, numerous studies suggest that disturbed verbal fluency can be linked to specific brain lesions. Author of 4 neuropsychological tests psychological assessment resources, inc. The ruff figural fluency test rfft was normed on 358 normal adults stratified according to gender, age. Stepwise logistic regression selected a model involving a single signi. The participant is asked to draw as many figures as possible. Ruff figural fluency test as described previously 6, the ruff figural fluency test rfft 4,5 is a measure of nonverbal fluency consisting of five parts 5,12. The rfft was designed as a nonverbal analog to popular verbal fluency tests that require respondents ages 1670 years to. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Attention, 546 introduction, 546 brief test of attention bta, 547 color trails test ctt and children s color. Results reliability reliability of the cowa was assessed. Differential role of prefrontal, temporal and parietal.
The ruff figural fluency test rfft is a measure of nonverbal fluency which has five parts figure 4. Pdf the ruff figural fluency test rfft was developed to avoid the difficulties that were encountered in earlier tests of figural fluency. Most neuropsychological tests in current use are based on traditional psychometric theory. Abstracted in archives of clinical neuropsychology, 21.
The rfft is a paper and pencil test used to evaluate nonverbal fluency and executive functioning 6,7,8. Pdf reference data for the ruff figural fluency test. The ruff figural fluency test rfft is a measure of nonverbal fluency which has five parts figure 4 2, 8, 16. The test booklet consists of five 60second parts, each with a different stimulus presentation. Longitudinal studies have shown that repeated testing improves performance on the rfft. Verbal and figural fluency are related to executive functions efs, but the extent to which they benefit from executive resources and their respective cortical representations is not clear. To purchase the actual test materials, you will need to contact the test publishers. Agreement between computerized and human assessment. Pdf although the popularity of including figural fluency tests in cognitive and neuropsychological test batteries has increased in recent years. Nonverbal fluency refers to the ability to utilize one or more strategies to gener. All measures were administered by specifi cally trained psychometrists.
Comparison of cognitive functioning as measured by the. Reference data for the ruff figural fluency test stratified by age. Normative studies frequently provide data stratified by age. The participants 97 are instructed to draw as many unique designs as possible by connecting at least two of the 98 dots comprising a 5dot matrix. Abstracted in archives of clinical neuropsychology, 19. The participants are instructed to draw as many unique designs as possible by connecting at least two of the dots comprising a 5dot matrix.
Fluency tests assessing both cognitive flexibility and response speed have proved themselves as yielding measures in clinical neuropsychology because they. To this point, the focus in evaluating measures of figural fluency, including the ruff figural fluency test rfft, has been on the number of unique designs generated and the number of repetitions or perseverations. The rfft is a paper and pencil test used to evaluate nonverbal fluency and executive functioning 68. If nonverbal fluency, as measured by the ruff figural fluency test ruff, 1988, is a nonver bal analogue to phonological fluency, then non verbal fluency performance should be more. Ruff figural fluency test rfft is administered in the lifelines cohort study and includes a baseline measurement of cognitive function. Relationships between verbal and nonverbal fluency. Indeed, research has differentiated 11 between patients with left or right frontal lobe lesions using performance on the rfft ruff, r. Trail making test tmt wisconsin card sorting test wcst ruff figural fluency test. Therefore, we investigated the longitudinal performance on the rfft in persons aged 3582 years. We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. To examine interrater reliability of the ruff figural fluency test rfft, 124 college students completed the rfft and scored rfft test protocols. In addition to rotational and enumerative strategies proposed by ruff 1988, other supplemental indices were developed and examined. Tests of verbal production, or fluency, have proved to be reliable and sensitive indices of brain dysfunction in a variety of clinical populations. The ruff figural fluency test rfft is a cognitive test to measure executive function.
Ruff figural fluency test how is ruff figural fluency. The total number of unique designs drawn constitutes the main score. Although the test characteristics of the rfft seem to be good and it is a valuable addition to neuropsychological assessments, reference data are still scarce. Interrater reliability of the ruff figural fluency test. Analogous to the procedure used in the ruff figural fluency test a correction was calculated for three levels of education under 10 years, 1012 years and over 12 years of education. The rfft has often been used as a measure of nonverbal fluency. The present study examined these assumptions, as little construct validation research has been done in the past. Osterrieth complex figure test ruff figural fluency test stroop color word test tasks of executive control. This study examined the interrater and testretest reliability of qualitative scoring indices for the ruff figural fluency test rfft in a sample n90 of healthy college undergraduates. Par has grown into a leading publisher of psychological assessment materials designed to help our customers better serve their clients. Such a practice effect may hinder the interpretation of test results in a clinical setting. Controlled oral word association test cowat stroop color and word test. Necker cube reversals as a measure of figural fluency. All parts 1 to 5 consist of 35 fivedot patterns arranged in seven rows and five columns on an 8.
In this model, a persons raw score on a test is compared to a large general population normative sample, that should ideally be drawn from a comparable population to the person being examined. This educational correction represents the differences between cell means stratified for age and education and the mean of the complete sample. This experiment evaluated the relationship between verbal and nonverbal fluency measures commonly employed in neuropsychological assessment. This study addressed three questions pertaining to strategy use on the ruff figural fluency test rfft. Comparison of cognitive functioning as measured by the ruff figural. Gotman and milner 1977 tested an experimental figural, or design, fluency test in a circumscribed group of brain. The reliability of production strategy scores for the ruff. Clinical neuropsychologist rehabilitation psychologist. Ruff, phd description the rfft was developed to provide clinical information regarding nonverbal capacity for fluid and divergent thinking, ability to flexibly shift cognitive set, planning strategies, and executive ability to coordinate this process. The reliability of production strategy scores for the ruff figural. Such a practice effect may hinder the interpretation of test results in a clinical.
Although the popularity of including figural fluency tests in cognitive and neuropsychological test batteries has increased in recent years, the spontaneous use of strategies on these measures remains poorly understood. Figural fluency as a measure of executive functioning was assessed with the ruff figural fluency test rftt. Linear regression analyses with the rfft score as the dependent variable and psychiatric diagnosis as independent variables dummies were performed, adjusted for potential confounders. Rfft in discriminating patients witheitherrightfrontalor nonright frontal lobe lesions. Pdf strategy use on the ruff figural fluency test researchgate. All parts 1 to 5 consist of 35 fivedot patterns arranged in seven rows and five columns on a 8. Developmental neuropsy10 chology, 3, 3751 is sensitive to right frontal lobe functioning. The presentstudyexplores the validity ofthe ruff figural fluency test. The ruff figural fluency test rfft measures an individuals ability to produce novel figures utilizing five different dot configurations fig.
The respondent draws as many unique designs as possible within 60 seconds by connecting the dots in different patterns. Reference data for the ruff figural fluency test stratified by age and educational level. The ruff figural fluency test rfft, originally designed by ruff et al. Design fluency test, 450 fivepoint test, 456 the hayling and brixton tests, 460 ruff figural fluency test rfft, 466 selfordered pointing test sopt, 471 stroop test, 477 verbal fluency, 499 wisconsin card sorting test wcst, 526 9. Longitudinal study of performance on the ruff figural. The ruff figural fluency test rfft is a sensitive test for nonverbal fluency suitable for.
Empirical evaluation of wandering among ad patients. The ruff figural fluency test rfft was developed to avoid the difficulties that were encountered in earlier tests of figural fluency. Pdf reference data for the ruff figural fluency test stratified by. The test proved to be reliable testreteston an n 95. Trailmaking test, dkefs tower test, and ruff figural fluency test. Similar to measures of verbal fluency, this task is often useful for assessing the. However, the stimulus pattern differs between the parts. Evaluating elements of executive functioning as predictors. Provides information about nonverbal capacity for initiation, planning, and divergent reasoning. The ruff figural fluency test rfft is administered in the lifelines cohort study and includes a baseline measurement of cognitive function. Less is known, however, about figural fluency performance in normal or in clinical groups. Ruff figural fluency test how is ruff figural fluency test abbreviated. Pdf testretest reliability of the ruff figural fluency test.
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